Which welding method primarily uses a consumable electrode?

The method that primarily uses a consumable electrode is Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW). This welding process utilizes a coated electrode that melts during the welding operation, providing both the filler material and the protective atmosphere needed to shield the weld from contamination. The electrode is consumed as the welding takes place, which means that it dissipates and becomes part of the weld joint, offering a continuous supply of filler material as the welder moves along the joint.

In contrast, the other methods operate differently. Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (TIG) employs a non-consumable tungsten electrode, which requires an additional filler material to be added separately as needed. Gas Metal Arc Welding (MIG) also uses a consumable electrode in the form of a wire feed, but it is a different process that relies on a continuously fed wire rather than a part that is manually manipulated and consumed in the heat of the arc. Submerged Arc Welding involves the use of a continuously fed consumable electrode, but primarily relies on the addition of granular flux which covers the weld area to protect from contamination.

Understanding the distinctions between these processes is crucial for selecting the appropriate welding method based on the application requirements and material considerations.