Why are gaskets installed between pipe flanges?

Gaskets are installed between pipe flanges primarily to prevent leakage due to imperfections in the flange face. Flanges are typically manufactured surfaces that may have minor irregularities, and a gasket serves as a sealing element, filling in these gaps to ensure a tight seal. This is crucial in preventing fluids or gases from escaping, which could lead to efficiency losses, potential safety hazards, or environmental concerns.

The material of the gasket is chosen based on the type of fluid being transported and the operating conditions, such as temperature and pressure. The appropriate selection ensures that the gasket can perform effectively to maintain the integrity of the connection.

While some other factors might be involved in the overall fitting of pipes and flanges—such as the alignment of pipes or accommodating expansion—the primary function of the gasket is its sealing capability. This makes it essential for achieving a reliable and leak-proof connection in various piping applications.